Checkout: Reverse Sales Tax Calculator

In the previous articles we have seen many data flow diagram examples, now in this article we will discuss a simple data flow diagram level 0,1 and 2 example of online banking system.

Data Flow Diagram for Online Banking System Details

What Are Components Of DFD

Data flow diagram mainly contains 4 components:

External Entity: An external entity is basically an object outside the system with which the system communicates. In simple terms we can say that these are the source and destination of the input and output.

Process: A process is represented by a circle or rectangle with rounded corners. It receives raw data as input and processes output data with different form or content.

Data Flow: Data flow is represented by an arrow. Data flow can be best understood as data moving from one place in a system to another.

Data Store: Data store is the origin or destination of the data. Data store is the repositories of data in the system.

Level 0 DFD for Online Banking System

Level 0 is also known as a context diagram. Context diagram shows the scope of the system that is being built. It also indicates which elements are inside and which elements are outside the system.

The context or level 0 DFD of online banking system represents the entire system as a single process and its relationship with two external entities. There are two external entities in this DFD for banking system:

• Customer
• Manager

Download Online Banking System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level 1 Data Flow Diagram for Online Banking System

Level 1 data flow diagram for online banking system breaks the single process into the main sub process of the system. Online banking system has following sub process in level 1 DFD:

Account Opening: Account opening process maintains record of all customer accounts and their personal details. When a new customer submits an application for opening a new account, this process receives his details and stores them in the database. Bank staff verifies this application and after approval a new account is opened in the bank.

This process keeps a master record of all the customers of the bank and sends this information to other processes if required.

Manage Transaction: Every bank account holder is given a unique login id and password. They can access their account online via the internet and make requests for fund transfer. Manage transaction process keeps record of all the online transactions done by the account holders.

Issue Check Book: As the name indicates this process is related to checkbook record. Account holder can ask for new check book online. They can access bank website, access their account area and request for issuing new check book. This process receives check book request and delivers check book at the bank account holder’s address.

Level 2 Data Flow Diagram for Online Banking System

Level 2 data flow diagram (DFD) for online bank management system further breaks the level 1 process into more detailed sub-process and also gives information about datastores that maintain the record of the entire bank management system.

In level 2 DFD of bank management system the “Manage Transaction” process is further divided into 3 sub processes:

Add Beneficiary: Before submitting the fund transfer request the first thing to do is to add a beneficiary. This is done in the Add Beneficiary sub process. This sub process keeps record of beneficiary for future transaction.

Daily Transaction: This Daily Transaction process receives all the fund transfer requests done by the account holders. This process takes beneficiary information from the Add Beneficiary process for processing fund transfer requests.

Update Balance: The Update Balance process keeps up to date information about all the account balance. This balance information is timely updated after each fund transfer. Account holder can view his transaction and account balance. He can also view account statement for any specific period of time.

Low Level Functionality of Online Banking System

Low level functionality of banking system application is as an follows:

• This is a web based application. Account holder can access it online via internet
• Account holders are not required to visit branch for transaction
• Each account holder is given a unique user id and password through which they can access their account area and perform banking transactions
• Account holders need to add beneficiary for fund transfer After successfully adding the beneficiary, they can request for fund transfer
• Account holders can view their history of transaction and current balance
• They can also generate bank statement for any specific period of time by giving from date and to date
• Account holders can request to issue check book online from their account area

Database of Online Banking System

The database of online banking system is composed of following main components:

• Account DB
• Daily Trans DB
• Account Balance DB
• Check Book DB

These are 4 main data stores that maintain records of online banking system applications.

Summary

In the above discussion we understood about the components of DFD: External entity, Process, Data Flow and Data Store that are required to make a data flow diagram.We also discussed all the three levels of data flow diagram (DFD) for online banking system project.

• Context DFD for online banking system
• Level 1 DFD for online banking system
• Level 2 DFD for online banking system

This document will help you to showcase your project working and also help to develop application. You can also check out recommended examples of more DFD listed below to gain knowledge.

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Checkout: DFD for Inventory Management System 
Checkout: ER Diagram for Hospital Management System
Checkout: DFD for Online Visa Application Processing System

Following are hospital management system DFD level 0 1 2. You can have these levels as pdf at the end of this discussion. Let us explain each one by one.

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Context Level (0 Level) DFD of Hospital Management System

The Zero Level DFD for hospital management system depicts the overview of whole hospital management system. It is supposed to be an abstract view of overall system. This is also called as context diagram for hospital management system in which entire system is represented as single process with its relationship with external entities such as admin, staff, doctor etc.

In this data flow diagram, you will see the general process done during healthcare management.

Download Hospital Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

First Level Data Flow Diagram (Level 1 DFD) of Hospital Management System

The first level DFD (1^st Level) of Hospital management system shows more details of processing. Level 1 DFD list all the major sub processes that makes the entire system. It also identifies data store of hospital master data that contains all records of patient, doctor, staff, room, treatment etc. that will be used to during different other process like patient registration and patient discharge.

The important process to be carried out are:

1. User & login
2. Hospital master
3. Patient registration
4. Doctor module
5. Add patient service
6. Discharge billing

The level 1 DFD for hospital management system provides a broad overview but go into greater depth than context level diagram.

Second Level Data Flow Diagram (2^nd Level DFD) of Hospital Management System

Level 2 DFD for hospital management system delves even deeper into the concept of Level 1 DFD.

The first level (1^st level) DFD of hospital management system represents how the system is divided into sub systems and the second level provides more details about: patient registration, medical treatment, patient service record and billing process.

Following are some functionality of hospital management system

1. Admin can add, edit and delete hospital master records such as ward, room, medicine etc.
2. Admin can add, edit and delete doctor record
3. Admin can add, edit and delete staff record
4. Admin can add, edit and delete various treatment details
5. Patient details can be added, edit and delete
6. Room allocation can be done
7. Prepare discharge bill

After viewing this level now you will be more clear about where data input goes and from where output data comes. This Level 2 Data Flow Diagram shows you a detailed process of hospital management system and also give you a clear view about data that flows into the system.

May this detailed article one hospital management system DFD will help you in your project preparation.

• Data Flow Diagram for Online Banking System
• Data Flow Diagram for Hospital Management System
• DFD for Library Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for Online Mobile Shop Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for E Learning Management System
• Data Flow Diagram of the Student Admission System
• Data Flow Diagram for Post Office Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for Student Attendance Management System

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The DFD for library management system provides information about the inputs and outputs of each process and entity of Library such as library, employee, student, book and authors.

Checkout: ER Diagram for Library Management System
Checkout: DFD for Hostel Management System

Following are library management system DFD level 0 1 2. You can have these levels as Pdf at the end of this discussion. Let us explain each one by one.

Zero Level Data Flow Diagram (0 Level DFD) of Library Management System

The Zero Level DFD for library management system depicts the overview of whole Library management system. It is supposed to be an abstract view of overall system. This is also called as context diagram for library management system in which entire system is represented as single process with its relationship with external entities such as admin, student etc.

In this data flow diagram, you will see the general process done during library management.

Download Library Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

First Level Data Flow Diagram (1^st LEVEL DFD) of Library Management System

The first level DFD (1^st Level) of Library management system shows more details of processing. Level 1 DFD list all the major sub processes that makes the entire system. It also identifies data store of library master data that contains all records of books, author, employee, student, publisher etc. that will be used to during different other process like book issue and receive.

The important process to be carried out are:

1. Library master
2. Employee management
3. Member management
4. Book transaction
5. Report preparation

The level 1 DFD for library management system provides a broad overview but go into greater depth than context level diagram.

Second Level Data Flow Diagram (2^nd Level DFD) of Library Management System

Level 2 DFD for library management system delves even deeper into the concept of Level 1 DFD.

The first level (1^st level) DFD of Library management system represents how the system is divided into sub systems and the second level provides more details about: book, author, publisher, qualification, city, stat, member, member allocation and membership report.

Following are some functionality of Library management system

1. Admin can add, edit and delete book record
2. Admin can add, edit and delete author
3. Admin can add, edit and delete publisher
4. Admin can add, edit and delete qualification
5. New city and state record can be added
6. Member details can be added, edit and delete
7. Membership allocation can be done
8. Prepare membership report

After viewing this level now you will be more clear about where data input goes and from where output data comes. This Level 2 Data Flow Diagram shows you a detailed process of library management system and also give you a clear view about data that flows into the system.

May this detailed article one Library management system DFD will help you in your project preparation.

• Data Flow Diagram for Online Banking System
• Data Flow Diagram for Hospital Management System
• DFD for Library Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for Online Mobile Shop Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for E Learning Management System
• Data Flow Diagram of the Student Admission System
• Data Flow Diagram for Post Office Management System
• Data Flow Diagram for Student Attendance Management System

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The online mobile shop management system DFD diagram gives detailed information about input, output of each process (such as: Mobile Catalogue, Add to Cart, Order Processing) and entity of online mobile shop (such as Customer, Mobile Store Admin).

Checkout: DFD for Online Book Store

Data flow diagram play a very important role in software engineering. There are three levels of data flow diagram level 0, 1 and 2. In this article we will discuss all these three levels of online mobile phone shop DFD.

Data Flow Diagram for Online Mobile Shop Management System Details

Context Level (0 Level) DFD of Online Mobile Shop Management System

Zero level DFD for online mobile shop management system gives an overview of the entire mobile store project. It is the highest level of abstract view of the entire system. This is also called a context diagram for online mobile shop management system. In this level the entire system is represented as a single process and its relationship with external entities.

This data flow diagram has two main entities: Customer and Mobile Store Admin

Download Online Mobile Shop Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

First Level Data Flow Diagram (Level 1 DFD) For Online Mobile Store Management System

The first level DFD (1^st Level) of online mobile shop management system shows a more detailed view of internal processing. There are three sub processes of mobile store level 1 DFD.

Customer Registration: Guest users have to register before placing orders for mobile phones. Customer Registration sub process handles all the customer records. This sub process maintains a master record of all customer’s data.

Product & Order: Online mobile shop has big inventory of mobile phones of different brands. This huge record of mobile phones is maintained by this process.

This process also maintains a record of all the orders placed by customers. Customers can view their previous order history.

Order Tracking: After placing an order for a mobile phone, a unique tracking code is given to the customer. Customers can track their order with this tracking code.

Second Level Data Flow Diagram (2^nd Level DFD) For Online Mobile Shop Management System

Level 2 DFD for online mobile store management system goes even deeper into the level 1 DFD. It represents how the system is divided into sub-process and also adds information about data stores. Product & Order process is further divided into three sub process:

Mobile Catalogue: Mobile stores has a huge variety of mobile phones of different brands. Mobile Catalogue sub process maintains record of all mobiles and brands. It creates a master record of all mobile phones available in the store for sale.

Add to Cart: Customers can view all available mobile phones in the store and sort them based on price, brand and customer review and add them into cart. It stores selected mobile into a temporary database.

Order Processing: Once a customer adds a mobile to cart, the next step is to checkout. This process is handled by the Order Processing process. As the customer confirms the order a tracking code is given to him. Customer can track his order with this tracking code.

Low level functionality of Online Mobile Shop Management System

• This is an online application for managing mobile store
• Mobile store admin has full control over the application
• Admin can store master records such as mobile phone category (4G/5G), brand, model etc.
• Customers can sort mobile based on different parameters such as: price, brand name, technology etc.
• After selecting mobile customer add mobile to cart and checkout
• For each confirmed order customer is given a tracking code. Customer can track his order with this tracking code.
• Admin can see all important reports such as customer list, mobile stock report and sale report.

The database of online mobile store is composed of following:

• Customer DB
• Mobile DB
• Order DB
• Order Tracking DB

Summary

Data flow diagram (DFD) for online mobile shop management system helps in understanding internal working of the mobile store project. There are three levels of DFD

• Context level DFD of Online mobile shop
• Level 1 DFD of online mobile shop
• Level 2 DFD of Online mobile shop

Context diagram is the highest abstract level. It gives only an overview of the system and its relationship with external entities, while level 1 and level 2 divides into small sub-processes.

This DFD diagram will help you to showcase working of your project. You can see more diagrams from the DFD examples suggested below.

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This data flow diagram example of E learning system describes the overall dataflow, processes and external entities. This is the basic concept that is followed by most of the elearning solution providers or elearning software development company. In this article we will discuss data flow diagram level 0, 1 and 2 of the e learning system.

Data Flow Diagram for E-Learning Management System Details

What is the e-learning management system

E-Learning management system (LMS) is basically an online software application for the delivery of online courses and training programs online. We have seen a huge growth in remote learning during COVID-19 pandemic. Many e-learning app development companies started providing custom elearning solutions.

An e LMS delivers and manages all types of educational and training content including video lectures. This application plays very important role in increasing digital literacy.

What is the objective of e-learning management system

The E-Learning management system focuses on online delivery of educational material and evaluation process. The core objective of this project is to provide easy access to the remote users.

What are the 5 benefits of e-learning

E-learning system is very helpful for students

• Students can view lectures anytime and any number of times for better understanding.
• This is a cost-effective solution for learners. Cost effectiveness can also enhance profitability of the organization.
• As compared to traditional offline teaching methods this method delivers content quickly.
• This system can be scaled up to any extent.
• New courses can be easily uploaded and students can access them quickly.

Scope of E-Learning management system (LMS)

There is a lot of scope in the E-Learning system.

• With little change it can be converted into a custom corporate elearning solution.
• It could be one of the best elearning platforms for any e-learning content development company to publish his content.E – LMS ecommerce integration can be done to make this a commercial learning application for everyone.

Level 0 DFD for E-Learning Management System

Level 0 DFD is also known as context level DFD. Level 0 DFD or context diagram for the E Learning management system represents the entire system as a single process and its relationship with external entities. This is basically an overview of the organizational system that shows the system boundaries, external entities and its interaction with the system.

There are two external entities in this context DFD:

• Student
• Admin

Download E-Learning Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level 1 Data Flow Diagram for E-Learning Management System

Level 1 data flow diagram is also a general overview of the proposed system but it goes into more detail than a context diagram. Level 1 DFD for the E-Learning system breaks the single process into the main sub processes. E-Learning system has following sub process in its level 1 DFD:

Student Registration: Student registration process stores and maintains records of all the students. When a new student registers on the elearning platform, this process receives his details and store them in the database. This process takes all the program information that are currently being run by the organization. This process makes a master record of student information. This process also sends this information to other processes as required.

E-Learning Curriculum: E-Learning Curriculum process maintains a curriculum of different programs that are being run by the organization. Admin can add new program details or edit any existing program.Each program is divided into several modules. Admin can also upload video tutorials and question and answer of all the modules.

E-Learning Activity: E-Learning activity is a process for checking the learning progress of each student through online examination. This process takes student information from the Student Registration process, module and question information from the E-Learning Curriculum process.

Admin can upload video tutorials of different modules. Students can access these video lectures according to their program and learn.

Level 2 Data Flow Diagram for E-Learning Management System

Level 2 data flow diagram further breaks the level 1 process into smaller sub processes. This level also adds information about datastores.

In this level 2 DFD of E-Learning system the “E-Learning Activity” process is further divided into

• Online Examination
• Video Tutorial & Questions

E-Learning Curriculum” is further divided into

• E-Learning Program
• E-Learning Module

Here is short description about all 4 sub processes

Online Examination: As the name indicates, this sub process is for taking online examinations of students. Admin schedules date and time of different program’s online examination. Students can login their user id and participate in the examination. This process sends certificates to the students.

Video Tutorial & Questions: Video Tutorial & Questions sub process handles record of all the video tutorials and related question answers. These video lectures can be accessed by the students. Students can also answer short questions asked at the end of each lecture.

E-Learning Program: E-Learning Program handles records of all the programs run by the organization. Admin can add new program information or edit any existing program detail.

E-Learning Module: Each program has several modules. This process handles records of all the modules. This information is also sent to the Online Examination process.

Low Level Functionality of E-Learning Management System

• This is an online application for distance learning purpose
• There are two main users of the system: Admin and student
• Admin has full control over the system. He can add new program & modules
• Admin can upload video lectures and related question
• Admin can view student report that are currently registered
• Students can register online on the portal and choose from listed learning programs
• Students can watch video lectures and answer questions at the end of lecture
• This system also conducts online examination of each program and student have to participate in the examination
• After examination result is prepared and certificates are sent to the students

Database of E-Learning Management System

The database of E-Learning management system is composed of following main components:

• Student DB
• Program DB
• Module DB
• Tutorial & Question DB
• Exam DB

Summary

E-Learning management system is an online learning platform for students. Main objective of this system is to deliver quality education through the internet and promote the E-Learning system. There are a couple of benefits of using an E-Learning system such as it is cost effective and it can be scaled up to any level depending upon the need of organization.

Data flow diagram for E learning management system (LMS) has three levels of DFD. Level 0,1 and 2 DFD. This E-Learning management system project documentation will help you to show the internal working of your project. You can also check out more recommended DFD examples listed below to gain knowledge.

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In software engineering there are three levels of data flow diagrams: Level 0 or context diagram, Level 1 diagram and level 2 diagram.

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Data Flow Diagram for Student Admission System Details

Following table describes the detail of student admission system DFD

Context level DFD for Student Admission System

Level 0 is also known as context DFD. This diagram describes the highest level of the student admission system. This level shows the entire system as a single process and its relationship with external entities.

There are two main external entities in student admission data flow diagram:

• Student
• Admin

Download Student Admission System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level 1 DFD for Student Admission System

Level 1 DFD gives a more detailed view of the system as compared to level 0. In this level the single process is divided into multiple sub processes. This level also shows how data flows between sub processes. Student Admission system level 1 DFD has following sub processes:

Student Admission: This process takes all student records as input and maintains this record for future use. Admin gives approval on student admission applications. After approval, students can submit fee.

Course & Subject: This process maintains a record of all courses and modules of each course. Admin can add new courses and modules. If there is any change in curriculum then he can change or add a new module.

Marks Entry: As the name indicates, this process is related to maintaining student marks. Admin enters each student’s marks obtained in the examination. Each student mark sheet is prepared and students can view this and download.

Level 2 DFD for Student Admission System

Level 2 further decomposes level 1 DFD. This level defines the working of each subprocess and database. In student admission system level 2 DFD two process of level 1 has been further decomposed. Student Admission process is decomposed into three sub processes:

New Student Admission: This process handles record of new Student admission

Register for Next Semester: This module re register old student into next semester after clearing previous semester

Fee Deposit: Fee deposit process is used to collect fee submission record of each student

Course and Subject process is decomposed into two sub processes:

Course: Course subprocess maintain record of all ue courses running in the organization

Subject: Each course has multiple subjects or modules. This subject data is maintained by this process.

Low Level Functionality of Student Admission System

• This application is based on client server architecture
• Student can submit admission application online
• Admin sort application based on university criteria and approve or disapprove
• After approval student can deposit course fee
• This application also maintain examination marks of each student
• Student can view and download their marksheet
• After completing semester student are registered for next semester and they can pay for next semester fee

Database of Student Admission System

Database of student admission system is composed of following:

• Student DB
• Course DB
• Subject DB
• Fee DB
• Marks DB

These are 5 main data stores that maintain records of the student admission system and provide secure access to the authorized user.

Advantage of Data Flow Diagram

Here are some advantages of data flow diagram:

• It represents an easy to understand graphical view of the system
• Level 1 and level 2 diagram describes all process and stores
• All the components are explained in detail

Summary

The Data Flow Diagram for Student Admission System is a good way to represent the internal workings of the entire admission system. The Context diagram represents its relationship with external entities while the level 1 and 2 describes how information flows through sub-processes.

Level 2 also describes data stores that maintain records of the student admission system. This will help you to showcase working of your final year project. We suggest you to check the following recommended examples of DFD.

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In the first step we create context data flow diagram or Level 0 DFD for Post office management system. At level 0 there is only of data flow diagram process that represents the entire system and its relationship with external entities.

In this Data Flow Diagram (DFD) example, we have tried to cover general daily working of post office. The process that we have covered in this simple data flow diagram of post office management system are: registered post, parcel booking, speed booking and money order booking.

In this article we will discuss about all three levels of data flow diagrams:

• Context or Level 0 data flow diagram (DFD)
• Level 1 (DFD) Data Flow Diagram
• Level 2 (DFD) Data Flow Diagram

Data Flow Diagram for Post Office Management System: Details

The following table describes the details of post office management system DFD:

How To Create Data Flow Diagram Online

Creating data flow diagram is super easy. You can create free data flow diagram online with the help of Draw.io. It is very easy to get familiar with Draw.io. Some other premium software to create data flow diagram includes: Lucidchart, Microsoft Visio and SmartDraw. You can know more about these data flow software’s here.

What Is Post Office Management System

Post office management system is a web-based application to automate the daily working of post office such as speed post, parcel booking, registered post and money order service. Use of this application in the post office will reduce work load of the staff by reducing manual work.

Context (Level-0) Data Flow Diagram for Post Office Management System

Context diagram or level 0 diagram for post office management system represents entire post office application into single data flow diagram process and its relationship with external entities.

This diagram describes the E Post office management system at a high level. In this context data flow diagram, there are two main external entities:

• User
• Admin

Download Post Office Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level-1 DFD for Post Office Management System

Level 1 (DFD) data flow diagram for post office management system gives a more view of the system data flow. In this level the single data flow diagram process is divided into multiple sub processes.

All Postal Services: This subprocess handles all the postal services such as parcel booking, registered post, money transfer and speed post, provided by the post office to the user. This sub process takes user’s postal service request and process it.

Daily Postal Transaction: This process takes data from the “All Postal Services” process and maintain daily record of each transaction. This process sends daily postal service report to the admin and also send this record to “Update Current Tracking Detail: process.

Update Current Tracking Detail: This process takes all postal transaction detail and update their current status as the post or parcel reach to next hub that comes in its destination path. User can track current status of the parcel or post by tracking code given to him.

Level-2 DFD for Post Office Management System

Level 2 DFD for post office management system gives a closer insight of the system than level 1 diagram. This level further divides major process of level 1 in to smaller sub process. Level 2 also gives information about data stores.

In this level 2 DFD the “All Postal Service” process is divided into 4 Sub processes:

Registered Post: This sub process handles all the registered post requests and maintain record. For every registered post a unique tracking code is given to the user. User can view current tracking status of the registered post.

Parcel Booking: As the name indicates this sub process receives all the parcel booking requests and maintain record of it. User can know about the current location of parcel with tracking code given to them.

Speed Post: This sub process handles all speed post request from the user and maintain its record. User can know current status of their speed post with tracking code.

Money Order: When a user request for Money order service. This sub process handles this request.

Low Level Functionality of Post Office Management System

• This application is based on client server approach
• It can handle kinds of postal services offered by a government post office
• This system will be used by the post office staff for all kinds of postal booking such as: registered post, parcel booking, speed post and money order
• For all postal service booking a unique tracking code is given to the user
• The current location of the parcel is updated as it reaches to next hub that comes in its destination path
• User can track current status of the parcel/speed post/registered post
• Admin can view all reports daily postal booking

Database of post office management system

The database of the post office management system is composed of following:

• Registered Post DB
• Parcel Booking DB
• Speed Post DB
• Money Order DB
• Postal Tracking DB

These are 5 main data stores that are used to maintain record of entire post office and provide secure access to the authorized user.

Summary

This DFD will be helpful to showcase progress of your final year project. You should also checkout these recommended articles listed below for more knowledge.

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Till now we have covered many data flow diagram example, but in this article, we will discuss about a simple data flow diagram level 0,1 and 2 example of attendance management system.

Data Flow Diagram for Student Attendance Management System: details

The following table describes the details of student attendance DFD

Which Software Is Used to Draw DFD

To create these diagrams there are various data flow diagram software in the market. The best software to create data flow diagram offline is Microsoft Visio. You can also create data flow diagram (DFD) online. To create a DFD online you can use Lucidchart data flow diagram.

What Are the Three Levels of Data Flow Diagram

Generally, we see three levels of DFD. There are: 0-level DFD, 1-level DFD and 2-level DFD. Data flow diagram Level 0 is also called context data flow diagram or context diagram. In this level the whole system is represented by a single process with its relationship with external entities.

Level-1 DFD is obtained by decomposing context diagram into multiple sub processes. Similarly, level-2 DFD goes one step deeper in to the level-1 DFD. This level give a clear view of the subprocess data flow and data stores.

Context (Level-0) Data Flow Diagram for Student Attendance Management System

Level-0 DFD is also called as context DFD. The context level DFD describes the entire system at a high level. In this level the whole system is defined as a single process and its relationship with the external entities. In this DFD there are three main external entities:

• Student
• Faculty
• Admin

Download Student Attendance Management System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level-1 DFD For Student Attendance Management System

Level 1 DFD gives more clear view of the system than context level DFD. In this level breaks the single process into multiple sub processes. Student attendance management system has following sub process:

Course Master: Course Master process keeps record of all the courses that are currently running in the organization. Admin can add new course or edit detail of any existing course if needed.

Subject Master: Unlike Course Master process the Subject Master handles record of all the subjects of each course. This process takes course details from the Course Master. Admin can add new subject under any course or edit any subject of the course.

Batch Schedule Master: As the name indicates this process is related to batch schedule record handling. There is a time schedule of every subject batch in the organization. This process handles time table of all the batch of different subjects in the organization.

Student Registration: This process handles records of each student registered in the organization. This process takes batch information from the Batch Schedule Master and assign suitable batch to the student.

Student Attendance: This module is used by the faculty for student attendance record. Here the actual attendance is taken for every batch. This process pass this attendance record as a report to the admin and also pass to other process if required.

Email Attendance: This process emails the attendance report to the student email id. This process takes attendance status report from the Student Attendance process.

Level-2 DFD for Student Attendance Management System

Level-2 DFD of student attendance further breaks the process into more detailed subprocess. This level adds all necessary data store and information.

Low level Functionality of Student Attendance Management System

• This application is for tracking student attendance
• Admin can add record of all courses and its related subjects
• After course and subject entry admin creates different batch for each subject and set a time table for each batch
• Student are registered in different batches according to their courses
• Each faculty is assigned a batch
• Faculty takes student attendance and record in the system
• Every student detailed attendance repot is prepared
• This attendance report can be viewed by the admin and also emailed to the respective student

The database of student attendance management system project is composed of following:

• Course DB
• Subject DB
• Batch Schedule DB
• Student DB
• Attendance DB

The above listed 5 databases are the main database that maintain the entire attendance system and provide secure access to the authorized user of the system.

Conclusion

In the above discussion we understood the things that we need to create a data flow diagram. What are the software’s that helps in creating a DFD. The main objective of creating a DFD is to show transformation of data from input to output.

We have discussed three levels of data flow diagram for student attendance management system. This documentation will help you in creating a strong foundation of your project. Checkout these recommended articles listed below for more knowledge.

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Context level data flow diagram gives an overview of the entire system. This level identifies the external entities.

Level 1 data flow diagram gives a deeper insight view of the system. This level divides the entire process into a number of sub processes and shows how data is flowing between these processes.

Level 2 data flow diagram goes one step deeper than level 1. This level gives a clear picture of the sub process, data flow and data stores.

Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for Online Bus Ticket Reservation System: Details

Following table describes the details of online bus ticket reservation DFD

What is Online Bus Ticket Reservation System

This is an online booing system to reserve bus seats. Customers can check seat availability on the bus for any specific route for his desired travel day and book tickets. This application provides a facility to pay ticket amount online.

Additionally the system helps business owners to improve productivity of the organization. It generates various reports that are helpful for better decision making.

What are the Symbols used to Represent Data Flow Diagram

To draw a data flow diagram we use:

Square : A square defines a source or destination of system data.

Arrows : Arrow represents flow of data. It is a pipeline through which data flows.

Circle : Circle represents a process that converts data into information.

Open-ended box : Open-ended box represents data store.

Advantage of Data Flow Diagram

The Advantage of Online Bus Ticket Reservation System Data Flow Diagram are as follows

• DFD makes it easy to depict business requirements of application
• Due to graphics it is very easy to understand by user and developer
• It is included in the documentation file
• Easy to understand system components.

Level 0 DFD for Online Bus Ticket Reservation System

Context diagram is an alternative name for the online bus ticket reservation system level 0 diagram. It describes the whole system in a single process and its relationship with external entities. This diagram depicts the online bus ticket booking system at a high level.There are two main external entities:

• Customer
• Admin

Download Online Bus Ticket Reservation System Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level 1 Data Flow Diagram for Online Bus Ticket Reservation System

Level 1 DFD gives more detail than a context diagram. It breaks a single process into multiple sub processes. Online Bus Ticket Reservation System Level 1 DFD has following sub process:

• Bus Route Master: As the name indicates, this process handles record of all bus routes data. Admin can enter new bus route record or edit an existing route record.
• Bus Ticket Reservation: Bus ticket reservation process manage all ticket booking work. This process gets selected route detail from Bus Route Master process. It send ticket booking report to the admin.
• Payment & Ticket Confirmation: This process takes ticket details from the previous process and accept payment from the customer. It send ticket confirmation message to the customer and passenger list to admin.
• Cancel Bus Ticket: If a customer wants to cancel his booking then he send ticket cancellation request to this process. This process collects ticket details from the Payment & Ticket Confirmation process and cancel the ticket.

Level 2 Data Flow Diagram for Online Bus Ticket Reservation system

Level 2 breaks the process into down into more detailed subprocesses. At this level it ensure to add all necessary data stores and other necessary information.

Low Level Functionality of Bus Ticket Reservation system

• This is a client server based application
• Admin of the organisation will enter and maintain all master record such as bus route detail, bus fare, city and state names
• Customer willing to travel can see the seat availability for their route for travel date
• System shows a graphical view of seat booking status. Customer can select seat by clicking on available seat icon
• After selecting seat they can proceed to checkout
• After successful payment the ticket is confirmed
• Customer can also cancel ticket afterwards

The database of the Online Bus Ticket Reservation System is composed of following:

• Bus Route Master
• Temp Seat Booking DB
• Ticket Booking DB
• Ticket Cancel DB

These are the main data stores that are responsible for maintaining record of the entire ticket booking system and securing data from unauthorised access.

Conclusion

Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for Online Bus Ticket Reservation System graphically represents the working of entire application. It has three levels: context level or zero level , level 1 and level 2 DFD.

Context diagram gives an overview of the system while the level 1 & 2 gives deeper insight of the system by dividing it into multiple sub processes. There are two external entities in the system: Customer & Admin. Bus ticket reservation DFD is an important diagram to showcase your project working.

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DFD is also known as graphical representation of systems working.

There are three levels of DFD

• Level 0 or Context Level DFD
• Level 1 DFD
• Level 2 DFD

In this article we will discuss about all three levels of DFD for travel agency management system.

Context level (0) DFD for Travel Agency Management system.

The first diagram of our discussion is Context diagram of travel booking. Context Level is also known as Level 0 DFD. It describes the whole system functioning as a single process and its relationship with external entities.

There are two main external entities:

• Customer
• Admin

These two entities will be the main source of data input and receiver of data processed by the system.

Download Travel Agency Management Synopsis pdf

Download Synopsis

Level 1 DFD for Travel Agency Management System

Level 1 DFD for Travel Agency Management System gives more detailed overview of system. It describes the sub systems of entire system .

Level 1 DFD of travel agency management system as following sub process:

Tour package route: This process maintains a master record of all tour package source and destination. Admin can add a new tour package or edit any existing tour package. This tour package information is used by other processes when needed.

Ticket reservation: Ticket reservation process receives ticket booking request from customer and selected tour package detail from Tour package route process. If a seat is available on selected tour and date then this detail is passed to the payment and ticket confirmation process for further processing.

Payment & ticket confirmation: The role of this process is to book tour tickets and collect payment from customers. This process passes confirmed ticket details to the admin.

Cancel ticket: Cancel ticket is the last process of level 1 DFD. If a customer wants to cancel his ticket then he sends a cancellation request to this process. This process receives requests and cancels booking. After cancellation the seat became available for booking to new customers.

Level 2 DFD for Travel Agency Management System

Level 2 DFD for the Travel Agency Management System gives more attention towards the database structure of the system.

Low level functionality of travel agency management system:

• Customer can view availability of flight for his desired location
• Customer can book flight ticket
• After booking and payment, customer will get confirmation message and ticket details
• Customer can cancel his booking later on. After cancellation the seat will become available to new customers for booking
• Admin can add new destination, make new tour packages and set fare
• Admin can view ticket booking details* Admin can see entire customer list

The database of the travel agency management system is composed of following:

• Tour package database
• Temp booking database
• Ticket booking database
• Cancel ticket database

The above listed four databases are the main databases that maintain records of the travel agency and provide data security from unauthorized access.

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